{"id":5222,"date":"2026-05-01T13:15:58","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T10:15:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/?p=5222"},"modified":"2026-05-01T14:34:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T11:34:43","slug":"natuke-keeleteadust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/2026\/aprill-2026\/natuke-keeleteadust\/","title":{"rendered":"Natuke keeleteadust"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hispaania rannikul asuva La Gomera elanikud r\u00e4\u00e4givad silbo keelt ehk vilekeelt, mille v\u00f5tmeelemendiks on vilistamine. See koosneb keerukatest helidest, millel on erinevad t\u00e4hendused. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hawaii keeles on \u00fcle kahesaja s\u00f5na vihma t\u00e4histamiseks nagu n\u00e4iteks <em>ua kualau<\/em>, mis t\u00e4hendab vihma, mis tuleb merelt, ning <em>n\u0101ulu<\/em>, mis t\u00e4hendab \u00e4kilist, kiiresti m\u00f6\u00f6duvat hoovihma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khoisani keeled on tuntud kl\u00f5psatushelide konsonantideks kasutamise poolest. Neid kirjutatakse tavaliselt t\u00e4htedega nagu ! ja \u01c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Austraalia aborigeenide keeles guugu-jimithir ei ole kasutusel s\u00f5nu vasak ja parem, vaid selleks kasutatakse ainult ilmakaari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcks k\u00f5ige pikematest t\u00e4hestikest on Kambod\u017eas khmeeri keeles, milles on 74 t\u00e4hem\u00e4rki. K\u00f5ige l\u00fchem on Paapua Uus-Guineas rotokase keeles, milles on 12 t\u00e4hem\u00e4rki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d5-t\u00e4ht tekkis eesti keelde alles 19. sajandil t\u00e4nu Otto Wilhelm Masingule. Enne seda kasutati selle h\u00e4\u00e4liku m\u00e4rkimiseks o-d, \u00f6-d v\u00f5i e-d. Enne t\u00e4nap\u00e4evast \u00f5-t\u00e4he versiooni proovis Masing palju huvitavaid selle kirjutamise variante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Masing_6-tahed_1817.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Masing_6-tahed_1817.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5223\" style=\"width:800px;height:162px\" width=\"800\" height=\"162\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Masing_6-tahed_1817.jpg 800w, http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Masing_6-tahed_1817-300x61.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Masing_6-tahed_1817-768x156.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcks p\u00f5nev keelen\u00e4htus on kontron\u00fc\u00fcmid \u2013 s\u00f5nad, mis t\u00e4hendavad iseenda vastandit, n\u00e4iteks pilvitus, mis t\u00e4histab nii pilves kui ka pilvitut olekut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eesti keele v\u00e4ltes\u00fcsteem on maailmas v\u00e4ga haruldane. Kolme v\u00e4ltega keeli on maailmas umbes k\u00fcmme, kuid nendes eristatakse vaid vokaalide pikkust. Eesti keeles saavad kolmes v\u00e4ltes olla nii vokaalid, konsonandid kui ka vokaali-konsonandi kombinatsioonid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keeleteadlaste arvates p\u00e4rineb s\u00f5na <em>kaheksa<\/em> v\u00e4ga vanast l\u00e4\u00e4nemeresoome-volga t\u00fcvest. S\u00f5na esimene osa on seotud t\u00fcvega kaks, kuid teine osa v\u00f5ib p\u00e4rineda kas vanast indoiraani s\u00f5nast <em>detsa<\/em> (\u2018k\u00fcmme\u2019) v\u00f5i muistsest eitusvormist e- (\u2018ei\u2019). M\u00f5lemal juhul on arvu kaheksa t\u00e4hendus \u201ckaks puudub k\u00fcmnest\u201d. Sama kehtib s\u00f5naga <em>\u00fcheksa<\/em>, t\u00e4henduses \u201c\u00fcks puudub k\u00fcmnest\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kasutatud allikad:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1)<a href=\"https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/RL\/whistled-language-of-the-island-of-la-gomera-canary-islands-the-silbo-gomero-00172\">https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/RL\/whistled-language-of-the-island-of-la-gomera-canary-islands-the-silbo-gomero-00172<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2)<a href=\"https:\/\/manoa.hawaii.edu\/sealearning\/grade-3\/earth-and-space-science\/weather-patterns\/traditional-ways-knowing-rain\">https:\/\/manoa.hawaii.edu\/sealearning\/grade-3\/earth-and-space-science\/weather-patterns\/traditional-ways-knowing-rain<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3)<a href=\"https:\/\/languagesgulper.com\/eng\/Khoisan.html\">https:\/\/languagesgulper.com\/eng\/Khoisan.html<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iflscience.com\/the-guugu-yimithirr-language-is-notable-for-not-having-a-left-or-right-79588\">https:\/\/www.iflscience.com\/the-guugu-yimithirr-language-is-notable-for-not-having-a-left-or-right-79588<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.guinnessworldrecords.com\/world-records\/67417-shortest-alphabet\">https:\/\/www.guinnessworldrecords.com\/world-records\/67417-shortest-alphabet<\/a>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sirp.ee\/kuidas-tuli-o-taht-eesti-kirjakeelde\/\">https:\/\/www.sirp.ee\/kuidas-tuli-o-taht-eesti-kirjakeelde\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-avinurme-ajavakk wp-block-embed-avinurme-ajavakk\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Z6i4XE42AX\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajavakk.ee\/o-taht-ja-otto-wilhelm-masing\/\">\u00d5-T\u00c4HT JA OTTO WILHELM MASING<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;\u00d5-T\u00c4HT JA OTTO WILHELM MASING&#8221; &#8212; Avinurme Ajavakk\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ajavakk.ee\/o-taht-ja-otto-wilhelm-masing\/embed\/#?secret=Z6i4XE42AX\" data-secret=\"Z6i4XE42AX\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>7)<a href=\"https:\/\/arhiiv.eki.ee\/dict\/ies\/index.cgi?Q=vastandt%C3%A4henduslik\">https:\/\/arhiiv.eki.ee\/dict\/ies\/index.cgi?Q=vastandt%C3%A4henduslik<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8)<a href=\"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10062\/18923\">http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10062\/18923<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9)<a href=\"https:\/\/arhiiv.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=kaheksa&amp;F=M&amp;C06=et\">https:\/\/arhiiv.eki.ee\/dict\/ety\/index.cgi?Q=kaheksa&amp;F=M&amp;C06=<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hispaania rannikul asuva La Gomera elanikud r\u00e4\u00e4givad silbo keelt ehk vilekeelt, mille v\u00f5tmeelemendiks on vilistamine. See koosneb keerukatest helidest, millel on erinevad t\u00e4hendused. Hawaii keeles on \u00fcle kahesaja s\u00f5na vihma t\u00e4histamiseks nagu n\u00e4iteks ua kualau, mis t\u00e4hendab vihma, mis tuleb merelt, ning n\u0101ulu, mis t\u00e4hendab \u00e4kilist, kiiresti m\u00f6\u00f6duvat hoovihma. Khoisani&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":218,"featured_media":5224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[425],"tags":[338],"coauthors":[427,426],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5222"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/218"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5222"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5222\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5242,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5222\/revisions\/5242"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5222"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5222"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.htg.tartu.ee\/miilang\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}